Definition of naturalism:
(i) Thomas and long: Naturalism is opposed to idealism, subordinates mind to matter and holds that ultimate reality is material world, not spiritual world.
(ii) Word: Naturalism is a doctrine which separates nature from God, subordinates spirit to matter and sets up unchangeable lows as supreme
(iii) Rusk: Naturalism is philosophical position adopted by those who approach philosophy form purely scientific point of view.
Characteristics of Naturalistic Education Naturalism and Education
1- Follow Nature
2- Child Central Education
3- Opposition of Bookish knowledge
4- Emphasis on the training of senses
5- Emphasis on the Freedom of the child
6- Emphasis on the Abilities capacities and Interest of the child
7- Progressive
8- Negative Education
Naturalism and Aims of Education
1- Self expression
2- To prepare Man for the struggle
3- To enable him to adjust himself with his environment
4- Natural Development
5- Development of Culture
6- To perfect human machine
7- Attainment of present and Future happiness
8- Autonomous development of personality
9- Redirection of human instincts
10- Proper utilization of leisure time
Naturalism and Methods of Teaching
1. Learning by Doing
2. Learning by playing
3. Learning by direct experience
4. Activity Method
5. Freedom in the child
6. Negative Method
Naturalism and Teacher
1. Teacher as a Guide
2. Teacher as a Observes
3. Teacher as a protectors
4. Teacher as an Organizer
Limitations of Naturalism in education
1. Aims of Ideals of education are not exalting
2. Emphases on present
3. Less emphases on books
4. All the emphases is given to scientific subjects
5. Unlimited Freedom given to the child
6. Unappealing principle of discipline by Natural Consequences
7. Teacher only in the background
8. Ignorance of society.
Author – Anjana Bhudani